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Related Concept Videos

Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods01:18

Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods

Different methods, such as visual observance of metal-ion indicators, spectroscopic techniques, and potentiometric methods, can determine the endpoint of an EDTA titration.
In the visual method, metal-ion indicators (metallochromic dyes), which have distinct colors in their free and complex forms, are added to the mixture to signal the titration's end point. They form stable complexes with metal ions, but these complexes are weaker than the corresponding metal–EDTA complexes. As a result, EDTA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Surface Defects of Remover Retreatment File After Single and Multiple Uses
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Published on: October 11, 2024

[Electronic microscopy in endodontic electrophoresis efficiency assessment].

V A Rumiantsev, E G Rodionova, A G Denis

    Stomatologiia
    |May 30, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cupper-calcium hydroxide (CCH) galvanophoresis effectively sterilizes root canals and impregnates dentine tubules (DT). Longer treatment durations enhance CCH nanoparticle penetration for improved endodontic therapy.

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    Ratiometric Imaging of Extracellular pH in Dental Biofilms
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    Ratiometric Imaging of Extracellular pH in Dental Biofilms

    Published on: March 9, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Endodontics
    • Dental Nanotechnology
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Root canal complexity and dentine tubules (DT) limit endodontic treatment efficacy.
    • Electrophoresis methods, like cupper-calcium hydroxide (CCH) electrophoresis, aim for root canal sterilization and obturation.
    • CCH galvanophoresis offers deeper root dentine impregnation with CCH nanoparticles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To validate parameters for root dentine nanoimpregnation using CCH galvanophoresis in endodontics.
    • To assess the impact of irrigation and nanoimpregnation duration on microbial reduction, smear layer, and CCH particle penetration.

    Main Methods:

    • Laboratory study on 24 extracted teeth.
    • Utilized scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate microflora, dentine smear layer, and CCH particle depth.
    • Investigated varying durations of CCH nanoimpregnation.

    Main Results:

    • Root canal irrigation reduced microorganisms and eliminated the dentine smear layer.
    • 1-day CCH nanoimpregnation achieved 60-70% DT obturation (100-200 nm depth).
    • 1-week CCH nanoimpregnation resulted in 35-50 micron DT obturation.
    • 2-week and 4-week CCH nanoimpregnation achieved depths of 1.2-1.5 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively.

    Conclusions:

    • CCH galvanophoresis is a promising tool for pulpitis treatment.
    • Extended nanoimpregnation periods (2-4 weeks) are recommended for treating apical periodontitis due to deep CCH penetration.