Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
09:06

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Role of microRNAs in the immune system, inflammation and cancer

Jennifer Raisch1, Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud, Hang Thi Thu Nguyen

  • 1University of Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|May 30, 2013
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and are vital for immune responses. Their dysregulation is linked to diseases like inflammatory bowel disease and cancers, making them key research targets.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs are key regulators of gene expression involved in cellular processes.
  • MicroRNAs play critical roles in innate and adaptive immune responses.
  • Aberrant microRNA expression is associated with human diseases, including inflammatory disorders and cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of microRNAs.
  • To focus on the role and mechanism of microRNAs in regulating the immune system.
  • To explore the involvement of microRNAs in inflammation and carcinogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of microRNA research.
  • Analysis of microRNA function in immune regulation.
  • Examination of microRNA involvement in disease pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs are essential for diverse biological functions, including immunity.
  • Dysregulated microRNAs contribute to inflammatory diseases and cancer development.
  • Specific microRNAs modulate immune cell activity and inflammatory pathways.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are critical regulators of immune homeostasis.
  • Understanding microRNA mechanisms offers therapeutic potential for immune-related diseases and cancer.
  • Further research into microRNA pathways is crucial for developing novel treatments.
Keywords:
Colorectal cancerImmune responseInflammationInflammatory bowel diseaseMicroRNAs

More Related Videos

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis10:40

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome07:23

Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome

Published on: June 15, 2016

Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...