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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Three-Dimensional Phase Resolved Functional Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Three-dimensional functional MRI with parallel acceleration: balanced SSFP versus PRESTO.

Emilie Vallée1, Asta K Håberg, Anders Kristoffersen

  • 1MI Lab, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|May 31, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Three-dimensional functional MRI (fMRI) using PRESTO sequences showed higher sensitivity and specificity than SSFP sequences for brain imaging. PRESTO better isolates neuronal activity signals, improving accuracy in fMRI studies.

Keywords:
3D imagingPRESTOParallel accelerationSENSESSFPfMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background:

  • Functional MRI (fMRI) is crucial for mapping brain activity.
  • Optimizing fMRI sequences for sensitivity and specificity is essential for accurate results.
  • Three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques offer potential advantages in spatial resolution and coverage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the sensitivity and specificity of 3D PRESTO and SSFP fMRI sequences at 3 Tesla.
  • To evaluate the impact of integrated parallel acquisition techniques (iPAT) on sequence performance.
  • To assess the utility of these sequences for detecting brain activation under visual stimulation.

Main Methods:

  • 3D fMRI was performed using PRESTO and SSFP sequences with varying isotropic voxel sizes (3 mm and 1.9 mm).
  • Integrated parallel acquisition techniques (iPAT) were employed with both sequences.
  • Volunteers underwent visual stimulation, and activation maps were analyzed for Z-score distributions, signal change, and temporal profiles.

Main Results:

  • PRESTO sequences demonstrated higher mean and maximum Z-values compared to SSFP at both resolutions.
  • PRESTO showed high sensitivity for activation in the visual cortex, while SSFP activation was more scattered, often in draining veins.
  • PRESTO's superior functional contrast enabled separation of early signals (<5s), likely reflecting neuronal activity, from later signals in draining veins.

Conclusions:

  • 3D fMRI PRESTO sequences exhibit superior sensitivity and specificity compared to SSFP sequences.
  • PRESTO is better suited for accurately localizing neuronal activity due to its ability to differentiate early signal changes.
  • These findings support the use of 3D PRESTO fMRI for more precise brain activity mapping.