Immediate implants placed in fresh sockets associated to periapical infectious processes. A systematic review

Area of Science:

• Oral Surgery
• Periodontology
• Dental Implantology

Background:

• Advancements in implant surfaces and patient aesthetics drive new treatment protocols.
• Immediate prosthetic loading and one-stage implants are increasingly utilized.
• Periapical disease is a common contraindication for dental implant treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review literature on immediate implant placement in extraction sockets of teeth with periapical pathology.
• To assess the scientific evidence level for this procedure.
• To adhere to evidence-based dentistry principles.

Main Methods:

• Conducted a literature search from 1982 to 2012.
• Used keywords: immediate, dental implant, extraction, infected, periapical pathology.
• Included human and animal studies published in English.

Main Results:

• Selected 16 articles out of 438, assessed using the SORT criteria.
• Both animal and human studies demonstrated high implant survival rates.
• Human studies included a limited number of cases.

Conclusions:

• Limited evidence exists for immediate implant placement in chronic periapical pathology extraction sockets.
• A Type B recommendation supports immediate implant placement in infected sockets based on scientific quality.
• Further research is needed to strengthen evidence for this dental implant procedure.