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Evaluating Virulence and Pathogenesis of Aeromonas Infection in a Caenorhabditis elegans Model

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Published on: December 20, 2018

The main Aeromonas pathogenic factors.

¹Departamento Microbiología, Universidad de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08071 Barcelona, Spain.

ISRN Microbiology

|June 1, 2013

Summary

Aeromonas bacteria are found everywhere in water and food. While often affecting cold-blooded animals, they are increasingly causing human infections like gastroenteritis, though an animal model is lacking.

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Bacteriology
Pathogen Research

Background:

Aeromonas bacteria are ubiquitous, water-borne microorganisms found in diverse aquatic environments and foods.
While primarily pathogenic to poikilothermic animals, mesophilic Aeromonas strains are recognized as emerging human pathogens.
These bacteria cause various infections, including gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases, with gastroenteritis being the most common human illness.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the pathogenic factors of Aeromonas strains.
To highlight the significance of Aeromonas as an emerging human pathogen.
To underscore the lack of an adequate animal model for Aeromonas-induced gastroenteritis.

Main Methods:

Literature review of Aeromonas pathogenicity.

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Analysis of documented human and animal infections caused by Aeromonas.

Identification and categorization of virulence factors associated with Aeromonas.

Main Results:

Aeromonas are prevalent in various water sources and food products.
Mesophilic Aeromonas strains are increasingly implicated in human infections, including systemic and gastrointestinal diseases.
Key pathogenic factors include surface polysaccharides, S-layers, iron-binding systems, toxins, enzymes, secretion systems, adhesins, and motility.

Conclusions:

Aeromonas represent a significant and growing public health concern due to their widespread distribution and pathogenic potential in humans.
The identified virulence factors are crucial for Aeromonas pathogenesis.
The absence of a suitable animal model hinders further research into Aeromonas-induced gastroenteritis.