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Transcriptome characterization by RNA-Seq reveals the involvement of the complement components in noise-traumatized

M Patel1, Z Hu2, J Bard3

  • 1Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo, 137 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.

Neuroscience
|June 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Acoustic trauma triggers changes in cochlear gene expression, particularly involving the innate immune system. This study reveals the complement system

Keywords:
RNA-Seqcochleacomplement componentsnoiseratsensory cells

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Area of Science:

  • Ototolaryngology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Acoustic trauma is a primary cause of sensorineural hearing loss in adults.
  • The cochlear response to acoustic injury involves complex degenerative processes.
  • A comprehensive analysis of cochlear gene expression following acoustic trauma is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze cochlear responses to acoustic injury using transcriptomics.
  • To identify differentially expressed genes in the cochlear sensory epithelia after noise exposure.
  • To investigate the role of the complement system in cochlear trauma.

Main Methods:

  • RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) was employed to profile the whole transcriptome of normal and noise-traumatized rat cochlear sensory epithelia (CSE).
  • CSE tissues were collected 1 day after exposure to 120 dB SPL noise for 2 hours.
  • Quantitative real-time PCR and protein expression analysis were used to validate findings for specific complement genes.

Main Results:

  • RNA-Seq identified over 17,000 gene transcripts, with over 2000 exclusively expressed in either normal or traumatized CSE.
  • Seventy-eight gene transcripts were differentially expressed post-acoustic trauma (70 upregulated, 8 downregulated), many linked to the innate immune system.
  • Complement factors Cfi and C1s showed altered expression at both mRNA and protein levels in the organ of Corti following acoustic trauma.

Conclusions:

  • Acoustic trauma induces significant changes in cochlear gene expression, highlighting the involvement of innate immune pathways.
  • The complement system, specifically complement factor I (Cfi) and complement component 1, s subcomponent (C1s), plays a role in the cochlear response to acoustic trauma.
  • These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying hearing loss due to noise exposure.