Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bioreactor Controls-II01:18

Bioreactor Controls-II

In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...
Bioreactor Controls-III01:22

Bioreactor Controls-III

Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...
Bioreactor Controls-I01:28

Bioreactor Controls-I

Maintaining optimal conditions within fermenters is essential for maximizing microbial productivity and ensuring process efficiency. This lesson focuses on key parameters—temperature, foam, pH, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and pressure—and their precise measurement and control strategies in fermentation systems.Temperature ControlTemperature regulation is critical due to the exothermic nature of many fermentation processes. In small laboratory fermenters, temperature is commonly monitored using...
Bioreactor Design and Operational System01:29

Bioreactor Design and Operational System

Bioreactors are engineered vessels designed to cultivate microorganisms under controlled conditions for industrial bioprocessing. They maintain sterility and allow precise regulation of pH, temperature, oxygen, and nutrient levels to optimize microbial growth and metabolite production. Bioreactors range from small laboratory units of 1 liter to industrial systems holding up to 500,000 liters, though only about 75% of their volume is actively used for fermentation. The remaining headspace...
Microbial Fermentation01:23

Microbial Fermentation

Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
Microbial Bioremediation of Uranium01:25

Microbial Bioremediation of Uranium

Microorganisms play a critical role in the transformation and immobilization of uranium in contaminated environments through four main pathways: bioreduction, biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biomineralization. These mechanisms reduce uranium’s toxicity and prevent its migration through groundwater systems, offering sustainable approaches for in situ bioremediation.Bioreduction of UraniumBioreduction is driven by anaerobic bacteria such as certain strains of Geobacter and Shewanella, which use...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Janus Particles Stabilized Passive Cooling Porous Composites.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Plasmalogens in Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review of Dietary Sources, Metabolism, and Neuroprotective Mechanisms.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry·2026
Same author

Magnetic Janus Nanomotor for Dentin Hypersensitivity Treatment.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

A Single-Cell Proteomic Atlas of Cardiac Fibrosis Reveals Cell-Type-Specific Remodeling and Discordant Protein Regulation.

Proteomics·2026
Same author

An explainable ensemble learning-based auxiliary diagnosis system for cerebral small vessel disease.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Sleep quality metrics combined with virtual reality motion parameters enhance early detection of mild cognitive impairment.

Frontiers in psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Bi-modified Ni<sub>3</sub>S<sub>2</sub> promotes selective nitrite-to-hydroxylamine reduction for cyclohexanone oxime synthesis.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Cyclable manganese inventory as a mechanistic descriptor for electrolyte design in rechargeable aqueous Zn-MnO<sub>2</sub> batteries.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Cobalt-iron layered double hydroxides with ligand modification for boosting glycerol electrooxidation-assisted hydrogen production.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Beyond the vacuum: modeling the solid-liquid interface for gas-involving electrocatalysis.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Alkaline-earth carbonate-supported Ru for quinoline hydrogenation: enhanced H<sub>2</sub> activation <i>via</i> electronic metal-support interaction.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Mitigating ionic conductivity limitations <i>in operando</i> electrochemical X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
08:27

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation

Published on: August 28, 2017

Janus micro-reactors.

Lingling Zhao1, Lijun Zhu, Ying Chen

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|June 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Janus hollow spheres with unique dual-surface compositions and encapsulated nanoparticles were created. This novel design selectively concentrates reagents for enhanced chemical reactions.

More Related Videos

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals
09:58

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Published on: May 10, 2018

Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation
12:04

Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation

Published on: December 6, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
08:27

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation

Published on: August 28, 2017

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals
09:58

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Published on: May 10, 2018

Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation
12:04

Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation

Published on: December 6, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Janus materials offer spatially defined chemical environments.
  • Hollow sphere architectures provide confined reaction spaces.
  • Selective reagent enrichment is crucial for efficient chemical processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize Janus hollow spheres with distinct interior and exterior compositions.
  • To encapsulate P25 nanoparticles within the hollow sphere cavities.
  • To demonstrate the selective enrichment of reagents in a confined environment.

Main Methods:

  • Ultrasonic spray method for synthesizing Janus hollow spheres.
  • Controlled deposition of different compositions on inner and outer surfaces.
  • Encapsulation of P25 nanoparticles during synthesis.

Main Results:

  • Successful fabrication of Janus hollow spheres with compartmentalized compositions.
  • Demonstrated ability to encapsulate P25 nanoparticles within the spheres.
  • Evidence of selective reagent enrichment within the confined hollow sphere environment.

Conclusions:

  • Janus hollow spheres are effective platforms for reagent pre-concentration.
  • The ultrasonic spray method enables precise control over sphere architecture and composition.
  • This approach holds potential for improving reaction efficiency in various chemical applications.