Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry01:20

Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry

A charge distribution has cylindrical symmetry if the charge density depends only upon the distance from the axis of the cylinder and does not vary along the axis or with the direction about the axis. In other words, if a system varies if it is rotated around the axis or shifted along the axis, it does not have cylindrical symmetry. In real systems, we do not have infinite cylinders; however, if the cylindrical object is considerably longer than the radius from it that we are interested in,...
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry01:27

Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry

A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...
Accuracy, limits, and approximation01:28

Accuracy, limits, and approximation

Accuracy, limits, and approximations are common in many fields, especially in engineering calculations. These concepts are imperative for ensuring that a given value is as close as possible to its true value.
Accuracy is defined as the closeness of the measured value to the true or actual value. In engineering mechanics, repeated measurements are taken during theoretical or experimental analyses to ensure that the result is precise and accurate.
The accuracy of any solution is based on the...
Transmission-Line Differential Equations01:26

Transmission-Line Differential Equations

Transmission lines are essential components of electrical power systems. They are characterized by the distributed nature of resistance (R), inductance (L), and capacitance (C) per unit length. To analyze these lines, differential equations are employed to model the variations in voltage and current along the line.
Line Section Model
A circuit representing a line section of length Δx helps in understanding the transmission line parameters. The voltage V(x) and current i(x) are measured from the...
Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines01:21

Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines

Consider a single-phase, two-wire, lossless transmission line terminated by an impedance at the receiving end and a source with Thevenin voltage and impedance at the sending end. The line, with length, has a surge impedance and wave velocity determined by the line's inductance and capacitance.
At the receiving end, the boundary condition states that the voltage equals the product of the receiving-end impedance and current. This relationship is expressed as a function of the incident and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Retrace error calibration for interferometric measurements using an unknown optical system.

Optics express·2023
Same author

Interferometric radius of curvature measurements: an environmental error treatment.

Optics express·2022
Same author

Micromachined phase-shifted array-type Mirau interferometer for swept-source OCT imaging: design, microfabrication and experimental validation.

Biomedical optics express·2019
Same author

Accuracy enhanced and synthetic wavelength adjustable optical metrology via spectrally resolved digital holography.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2018
Same author

Multi-layer topography measurement using a new hybrid single-shot technique: Chromatic Confocal Coherence Tomography (CCCT).

Optics express·2017
Same author

Adaptive state observer and PD control for dynamic perturbations in optical systems.

Optics express·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns
13:44

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns

Published on: August 30, 2013

Phase errors in high line density CGH used for aspheric testing: beyond scalar approximation.

S Peterhänsel1, C Pruss, W Osten

  • 1Institute of Applied Optics and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. peterhaensel@ito.uni-stuttgart.de

Optics Express
|June 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computer-generated holograms (CGH) are crucial for measuring aspheric and freeform surfaces. This study reveals limitations in scalar diffraction theory for CGH phase prediction, necessitating rigorous simulations for accurate measurements.

More Related Videos

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

Correction of Presbyopia by Monocular Bi-Aspheric Ablation Profile
05:46

Correction of Presbyopia by Monocular Bi-Aspheric Ablation Profile

Published on: September 20, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns
13:44

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns

Published on: August 30, 2013

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

Correction of Presbyopia by Monocular Bi-Aspheric Ablation Profile
05:46

Correction of Presbyopia by Monocular Bi-Aspheric Ablation Profile

Published on: September 20, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Optical metrology
  • Diffractive optics
  • Surface characterization

Background:

  • Interferometric null tests using computer-generated holograms (CGH) are standard for measuring aspheric and freeform surfaces.
  • Phase errors in CGHs can lead to systematic errors in measurements, making accurate phase prediction essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the limitations of scalar diffraction theory in predicting the absolute phase of CGHs.
  • To explore rigorous simulation methods for CGH phase prediction in regions where scalar approximation fails.
  • To identify phase-sensitive parameters and evaluate fabrication tolerances for gratings.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of scalar diffraction theory for CGH phase prediction.
  • Rigorous electromagnetic simulations for CGH phase analysis.
  • Identification of structure parameters sensitive to phase errors.
  • Evaluation of fabrication tolerances for grating structures.

Main Results:

  • Scalar diffraction theory has limitations in accurately predicting CGH absolute phase for certain implementations.
  • Rigorous simulations reveal phase-sensitive parameters and critical fabrication tolerances.
  • The study quantifies the impact of structural variations on measurement accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate phase prediction for CGHs is critical for reliable interferometric null tests.
  • Rigorous simulations are necessary when scalar approximations are insufficient.
  • Understanding fabrication tolerances is key to producing high-accuracy CGHs for metrology.