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Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing02:41

Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...

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Monitoring Protein-RNA Interaction Dynamics In Vivo at High Temporal Resolution Using χCRAC
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UpSETing chromatin during non-coding RNA production.

Swaminathan Venkatesh1, Jerry L Workman, Michaela Smolle

  • 1Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E 50th Street, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA. msm@stowers.org.

Epigenetics & Chromatin
|June 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proper nucleosome reassembly after transcription is crucial for preventing spurious gene initiation. Failure to do so leads to non-coding RNA production, impacting gene expression regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • Eukaryotic DNA is packaged into nucleosomes, forming nucleosomal arrays that regulate gene expression.
  • Nucleosome disassembly and reassembly by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) controls DNA accessibility.
  • Disrupted nucleosome reassembly after RNAPII passage causes aberrant transcription initiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms suppressing cryptic transcription initiation.
  • To discuss the role of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in gene expression regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of molecular mechanisms.
  • Analysis of the role of ncRNAs in gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Cryptic transcription initiation leads to the production of non-coding RNA (ncRNA).
  • ncRNAs play a significant role in regulating gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • Effective nucleosome reassembly is essential for preventing spurious transcription.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is key to comprehending gene expression control and ncRNA function.