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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

A Non-invasive Way to Isolate and Phenotype Cells from the Conjunctiva
07:35

A Non-invasive Way to Isolate and Phenotype Cells from the Conjunctiva

Published on: July 5, 2017

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis: atopy and autoimmunity.

A M Zicari1, M Nebbioso, V Lollobrigida

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|June 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is linked to a higher prevalence of autoimmune disorders in families and positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) tests in children. This suggests a connection between VKC and systemic autoimmune conditions.

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A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue
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A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

A Non-invasive Way to Isolate and Phenotype Cells from the Conjunctiva
07:35

A Non-invasive Way to Isolate and Phenotype Cells from the Conjunctiva

Published on: July 5, 2017

A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue
09:42

A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue

Published on: June 7, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a rare, chronic ocular inflammatory condition primarily affecting young boys.
  • While self-limiting, VKC can cause significant quality of life decline due to inflammatory exacerbations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the clinical and immunological profile of VKC patients.
  • To investigate family history of autoimmune disorders and autoimmunity patterns in VKC patients.

Main Methods:

  • 28 children (ages 4-14) with VKC were studied.
  • Family history of allergic/immunological diseases (Hashimoto's thyroiditis, type I diabetes, psoriasis, SLE) was collected.
  • Serological evaluation for anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) was performed on all VKC patients.

Main Results:

  • 46% of VKC patients had a family history of immunological disorders, including Hashimoto's thyroiditis (28%), type I diabetes (14%), psoriasis (14%), and SLE (1%).
  • 35% of VKC patients tested positive for ANA.
  • ANA positivity correlated with higher ocular scores and more severe clinical symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • A significant percentage of children with VKC exhibit ANA positivity and a family history of autoimmune disorders.
  • These findings suggest an association between VKC, systemic autoimmune diseases, and atopic conditions.
  • Further understanding of these links can aid in managing VKC and related systemic conditions.