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Published on: February 23, 2024
Clinical manifestations of Campylobacter concisus infection in children
Hans Linde Nielsen1, Jørgen Engberg, Tove Ejlertsen
1From the Departments of *Infectious Diseases and †Clinical Microbiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg; and ‡Department of Clinical Microbiology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark.
Insights
Campylobacter concisus infections in children present with milder acute gastroenteritis but prolonged diarrhea compared to Campylobacter jejuni/coli. Late gastrointestinal complaints are similar between infections.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Limited clinical data exists on Campylobacter concisus infections in pediatric populations.
- Understanding the clinical impact of C. concisus is crucial for pediatric gastroenteritis management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the clinical manifestations of Campylobacter concisus (C. concisus) gastroenteritis in children.
- To compare the clinical features of C. concisus infections with Campylobacter jejuni/coli infections in pediatric patients.
Main Methods:
- A 2-year prospective study identified children (<18 years) with C. concisus-positive stool samples.
- Clinical data were collected via questionnaires and medical records.
- Manifestations were compared between C. concisus and C. jejuni/coli patient groups.
Main Results:
- 85 children had C. concisus and 109 had C. jejuni/coli infections.
- C. concisus patients showed significantly lower rates of fever, chills, and bloody stools.
- Prolonged diarrhea (>2 weeks) was more common in C. concisus cases (50% vs 25%).
Conclusions:
- Campylobacter concisus gastroenteritis in children has a less severe acute phase but a more prolonged course than C. jejuni/coli.
- Children with C. concisus experience similar long-term gastrointestinal issues as those with C. jejuni/coli.
Background:
There is only sparse information about the clinical impact of Campylobacter concisus infections in children.
Methods:
A study was performed during a 2-year period to determine the clinical manifestations in C. concisus-positive children with gastroenteritis. A case patient was defined as a child or teenager (<18 years) with a C. concisus-positive stool sample during the study period. Clinical data were obtained with use of a questionnaire study supplemented with the patients' medical records. The clinical manifestations in these patients were compared with those of patients with Campylobacter jejuni/coli infection.
Results:
Two thousand three hundred seventy-two diarrheic stool samples from 1867 children were cultured for pathogenic enteric bacteria during the study period, and 85 and 109 children with C. concisus and C. jejuni/coli, respectively, were identified. Comparison of the acute clinical manifestations in 44 C. concisus patients with those in 64 C. jejuni/coli patients showed a significantly lower prevalence of fever, chills and blood in stools in the former. However, half of C. concisus patients compared with one-fourth of C. jejuni/coli patients had prolonged diarrhea for more than 2 weeks and two-thirds of all children with C. concisus reported loose stools after 6-month follow-up.
Conclusions:
C. concisus infection in children seems to have a milder course of acute gastroenteritis compared with C. jejuni/coli infection but is associated with more prolonged diarrhea. Children with C. concisus have the same degree of late gastrointestinal complaints as children diagnosed with C. jejuni/coli infection.
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