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Updated: May 10, 2026
08:41
Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials
Published on: August 13, 2019
Alterations in bone quality after socket preservation with grafting materials: a systematic review
Hsun-Liang Chan1, Guo-Hao Lin, Jia-Hui Fu
1Graduate Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Summary
Grafting materials may alter vital bone content in extraction sockets compared to natural healing. Further research is needed to determine if these changes impact dental implant success.
Area of Science:
- Dental implantology
- Oral surgery
- Regenerative medicine
Background:
- Extraction socket preservation is crucial for maintaining alveolar ridge morphology.
- The histological quality of bone within grafted extraction sockets requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and compare the proportion of vital bone and connective tissue in grafted versus naturally healed extraction sockets.
- To evaluate the impact of different grafting materials on bone quality.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of human clinical trials comparing histological components of augmented and naturally healed sockets.
- Electronic and hand searches of databases and journals were conducted for studies from 1965 to November 2011.
- Included studies required at least five samples per group for histological analysis.
Main Results:
- Natural healing sockets showed 38.5% vital bone and 58.3% connective tissue.
- Demineralized allografts and autografts did not significantly alter vital bone fraction compared to non-grafted sites.
- Alloplasts showed a potential increase in vital bone (6.2%–23.5%), while xenografts yielded equivocal results with residual particles observed.
- Connective tissue content generally decreased with bone substitute use.
Conclusions:
- Grafting materials can alter the vital bone proportion in extraction sockets compared to natural healing.
- The long-term clinical significance of these changes in bone quality on implant success and stability is currently unknown.
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