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FGF18 accelerates osteoblast differentiation by upregulating Bmp2 expression.

Tomoko Nagayama¹, Shigeru Okuhara, Masato S Ota

¹Section of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Congenital Anomalies

|June 12, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 18 (FGF18) accelerates bone formation by promoting osteoblast differentiation. FGF18 upregulates Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (Bmp2) and maintains Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (Fgfr) expression, enhancing osteogenesis.

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Area of Science:

Skeletal Biology
Developmental Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) signaling plays a crucial role in skeletal development.
FGF18 is implicated in promoting osteoblast differentiation and enhancing osteogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanism by which FGF18 accelerates osteogenesis.
To investigate the role of FGF18 in coronal suture development and bone fusion.

Main Methods:

Ex-utero surgery was performed on mouse fetuses to implant recombinant human FGF18 (rhFGF18) soaked beads over coronal sutures.
Expression levels of FGF receptors (Fgfr1, -2, -3) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (Bmp2) were analyzed.
The effect of a Bmp antagonist (rmNoggin) on rhFGF18-induced osteogenesis was evaluated.

Main Results:

rhFGF18 application accelerated osteogenesis, leading to the fusion of frontal and parietal bone domains and elimination of sutural mesenchyme.
Fgfr1, -2, and -3 expression was maintained or upregulated in developing bone domains.
rhFGF18 specifically upregulated Bmp2 in the skeletogenic layer, and Bmp antagonism inhibited osteoblast marker expression.

Conclusions:

FGF18 accelerates osteogenesis by upregulating Bmp2 expression.
FGF18 promotes osteogenesis through the maintenance or upregulation of Fgfr1, -2, and -3 expression in osteoblasts.
FGF18 signaling is a key regulator of bone development and suture closure.