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Related Concept Videos

Chromosome Replication02:31

Chromosome Replication

Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins.  This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin of...
Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

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The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
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Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

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In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
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Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

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Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
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Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

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Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography
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Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography

Published on: May 20, 2022

Chromatin and DNA replication.

David M MacAlpine1, Geneviève Almouzni

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. david.macalpine@duke.edu

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|June 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eukaryotic DNA is organized into dynamic chromatin, with nucleosomes acting as fundamental units. This structure regulates DNA replication and other essential cellular processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic genomes require compact DNA organization within the nucleus.
  • Chromatin, a dynamic nucleoprotein structure, enables DNA accessibility for cellular processes.
  • The nucleosome, composed of DNA and histones, is the basic unit of chromatin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore nucleosomal organization and its assembly mechanisms.
  • To elucidate the role of chromatin in regulating the DNA replication program.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on nucleosomal organization and assembly pathways.
  • Description of chromatin's role in DNA replication.

Main Results:

  • Nucleosomes are versatile structures with histone variants and posttranslational modifications.
  • Chromatin dynamics are crucial for DNA-templated processes like replication, transcription, recombination, and repair.

Conclusions:

  • Chromatin organization is essential for fitting large genomes into the nucleus.
  • The dynamic nature of chromatin allows for both rapid responses and long-term genomic regulation.