[Comparative study of implant-retained fixed restorations with milled and casted titanium frames]

The long-term results of implant retained restorations with casted and milled frames were compared in clinical and experimental settings. Electrochemical features of milled and casted titanium by contact with titanium implant were assessed. The biocompatibility of milled and casted titanium was studied in mesenchymal stem cells culture. Cross sections were used to assess the marginal fit precision of milled and casted frames.