Cat scratch disease: a diagnostic dilemma

Cat scratch disease (CSD) caused by Bartonella henselae is the most common Bartonella infection worldwide. CSD usually presents as self-limiting lymphadenitis characterized by lymphadenopathy that occurs after contact with a cat and the symptoms resolve within 2 to 4 months. Serology testing is the cornerstone of diagnosis. However, it may require the use of clinical specimens for microbiologic evaluation for diagnosis. A number of antimicrobial agents have been advocated for the treatment of cat-scratch disease and treatment with azithromycin has been shown to be beneficial.