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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection

Published on: August 26, 2011

EEG correlates of self-referential processing.

Gennady G Knyazev¹

¹Institute of Physiology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences , Novosibirsk , Russia.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

|June 14, 2013

Summary

Electroencephalography (EEG) studies of self-referential processing align with fMRI findings, identifying brain regions within the default network, especially the medial prefrontal cortex. EEG also reveals temporal (P300 ERP) and frequency (alpha band) correlates of self-related information processing.

Keywords:

EEG ERP default mode network oscillations self-referential processing

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Psychophysiology

Background:

Self-referential processing is primarily studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
Integrating evidence from diverse methodologies like electroencephalography (EEG) is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of brain function.
This review focuses on EEG studies to complement and compare with existing fMRI data on self-referential processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To review electroencephalographic (EEG) studies investigating self-referential processing.
To evaluate the correspondence, complementarity, and contradictions between EEG and fMRI evidence in this domain.
To explore the utility of simultaneous EEG-fMRI and direct EEG analysis for understanding self-referential processing.

Main Methods:

Review of existing electroencephalographic (EEG) studies on self-referential processing.
Analysis of studies employing simultaneous EEG-fMRI registration to identify signal overlap.
Examination of studies focusing on direct EEG correlates of self-referential processing in time and frequency domains.

Main Results:

EEG correlates of self-referential processing frequently overlap with fMRI-identified regions of the default network, particularly the medial prefrontal cortex.
Discrimination between self- and other-related information in the time domain is often linked to the P300 event-related potential (ERP) component.
In the frequency domain, alpha band oscillations are prominently associated with spontaneous self-referential mentation.

Conclusions:

EEG findings are largely consistent with fMRI data regarding the neural substrates of self-referential processing, especially within the default network.
The P300 ERP component and alpha frequency oscillations serve as important temporal and spectral markers for self-referential cognition.
Combining EEG and fMRI offers a powerful approach to elucidating the complex neural mechanisms underlying self-referential thought.