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Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
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Techniques for assessing small airways function: Possible applications in asthma and COPD.

K Konstantinos Katsoulis1, Konstantinos Kostikas2, Theodore Kontakiotis3

  • 1Pulmonary Department, 424 General Army Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Respiratory Medicine
|June 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Small airways are the "silent zone" in asthma and COPD, often damaged before symptoms appear. Current assessment methods are indirect, and further research is needed to find the best diagnostic tools.

Keywords:
Alveolar nitric oxideDynamic complianceHelium–oxygen mixtureNitrogen washoutOscillometryPlethysmography

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Small airways play a crucial role in asthma and COPD pathophysiology.
  • Damage to small airways can occur asymptomatically, earning them the

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current methods for assessing small airways in respiratory diseases.
  • To highlight the challenges and future directions in small airway assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Functional tests including spirometry, plethysmography, and nitrogen washout.
  • Imaging techniques, primarily high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT).
  • Indirect assessment of small airway obstruction effects like air trapping.

Main Results:

  • Multiple functional and imaging methods exist for small airway assessment.
  • No single method is considered the gold standard; combinations may be necessary.
  • The clinical significance and affected patient populations require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Small airways are a critical but challenging area to study in asthma and COPD.
  • Current assessment methods are indirect and varied, with no definitive gold standard.
  • Future large-scale studies are essential to validate methods and understand clinical impact.