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Related Concept Videos

Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...
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The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
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Stability of Conjugated Dienes

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Chain reactions involve highly reactive transient species, such as atoms or free radicals, as intermediates. These intermediates facilitate rapid reactions over an extended period. The process includes a series of steps: a reactive intermediate is consumed, reactants are converted to products, and the intermediate is regenerated. This cycle enables continuous repetition, amplifying the production of products with a small amount of intermediate. Chain reactions often utilize free radicals as...
Stability of Equilibrium Configuration01:23

Stability of Equilibrium Configuration

Understanding the stability of equilibrium configurations is a fundamental part of mechanical engineering. In any system, there are three distinct types of equilibrium: stable, neutral, and unstable.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System
08:19

Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System

Published on: May 9, 2021

Instability of a bubble chain.

Wenjuan Zhang1, Yu An

  • 1Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|June 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The stability of bubbles in a chain increases as they get closer, driven by the secondary Bjerknes force. This force creates tension variations, indicating specific stable configurations for bubble chains.

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Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
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Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System
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Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System

Published on: May 9, 2021

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
06:42

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Published on: March 3, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Bubble dynamics
  • Acoustic cavitation

Background:

  • Single bubble instability theories (shape, diffusive)
  • Bubble chain dynamics are complex
  • Secondary Bjerknes force influences bubble interactions

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate individual bubble stability within a bubble chain
  • Analyze the role of bubble proximity on stability
  • Determine the relationship between bubble chain tension and stability

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis based on shape and diffusive instability
  • Numerical calculations of bubble chain tension
  • Examination of secondary Bjerknes forces

Main Results:

  • Individual bubble stability area increases as bubble separation decreases
  • Spatial stability of bubble chains is attributed to secondary Bjerknes forces
  • Bubble chain tension exhibits maxima at specific bubble distances, indicating stable states

Conclusions:

  • Bubble proximity enhances individual bubble stability in a chain
  • Secondary Bjerknes forces are crucial for bubble chain spatial stability
  • Identified specific bubble distances corresponding to stable bubble chain configurations