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Published on: February 8, 2019
Disseminated granuloma annulare: study on eight cases
V Pătraşcu1, Claudia Giurcă, Raluca Niculina Ciurea
1Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania. vm.patrascu@gmail.com
Summary
Disseminated granuloma annulare (GAD) frequently affects women over 40 and is often linked to diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. Early diagnosis and treatment show significant improvement in patients.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Granuloma annulare (GA) presents in several forms, including localized, generalized/disseminated, subcutaneous, and perforating.
- Existing research suggests potential links between GA and conditions such as diabetes mellitus, lipid disorders, malignancies, thyroid issues, and infections (HBV, HCV, HIV).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate disseminated granuloma annulare (GAD) and its association with comorbidities.
- To evaluate treatment responses in patients with GAD.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study was conducted from 2010-2011, analyzing eight clinically and histologically diagnosed cases of GAD.
- Patients underwent investigation for associated systemic diseases.
- Treatment protocols included topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, Calcipotriol/Betamethasone, Tacrolimus 0.03%, Pentoxifylline, and Hydroxychloroquine.
Main Results:
- Five women and three men, aged 46-68 (mean 57.25), were diagnosed with GAD.
- Common comorbidities included diabetes mellitus type II (5/8), overweight/obesity (5/8), and dyslipidemia (3/8).
- Lesions were most frequently observed on upper extremities and the trunk. Seven cases presented with an annular appearance, while one had disseminated papules. Significant improvements were noted after treatment.
Conclusions:
- Disseminated granuloma annulare is prevalent in women over 40.
- A strong association exists between GAD and diabetes mellitus, as well as dyslipidemia, necessitating thorough patient investigation.
- Histopathological examination is crucial for confirming GA diagnoses.
