Antibody gene therapy: getting closer to clinical application?

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Immunology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Monoclonal antibodies are clinically valuable but costly due to repeated high-dose injections.
• Gene therapy presents a novel strategy for sustained systemic delivery of antibodies, overcoming administration challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current achievements in preclinical antibody gene therapy.
• To discuss challenges and future prospects of this therapeutic modality.

Main Methods:

• Direct gene delivery using viral or non-viral vectors.
• Inoculation of ex vivo genetically modified cells (autologous or allogenic).

Main Results:

• Viral vectors show high efficiency but raise safety concerns and immune responses.
• Non-viral vectors have limited transduction efficiency.
• Ex vivo cell therapy requires immune-protected, readily available allogenic cells.

Conclusions:

• Despite initial challenges in achieving sustained therapeutic levels, antibody gene therapy is rapidly advancing.
• The therapeutic potential of antibody gene therapy is nearing clinical application for various conditions.