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Imitation of 'bye-bye' in very low-birthweight infants
Gakuyo Matsui1, Taro Ohtoshi, Satoshi Takada
1Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe.
Insights
Very low-birthweight (VLBW) infants show delayed imitation skills, specifically in the
Area of Science:
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Neonatology
- Motor Skill Acquisition
Background:
- Imitation skills are crucial for infant development.
- Very low-birthweight (VLBW) infants may experience developmental delays.
- Understanding the onset of specific imitative behaviors like 'bye-bye' is important for VLBW infants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the development of imitation skills in VLBW infants versus full-term infants.
- To investigate the onset and characteristics of 'bye-bye' imitation in both groups.
Main Methods:
- Direct observation of 597 full-term infants (6-21 months) and 95 VLBW infants (corrected age, 6-21 months).
- Recorded the age of 'bye-bye' imitation onset and hand motion types.
- Analyzed differences in imitation timing and motor patterns between groups.
Main Results:
- Full-term infants imitated 'bye-bye' by 16 months; VLBW infants showed a delay, imitating by 17 months.
- Initial 'bye-bye' motions included 'moving wrist up and down', more frequent in VLBW infants early on.
- Specific motion types evolved with age, with 'palm facing others' appearing later, by 16-17 months in both groups.
Conclusions:
- VLBW infants exhibit delayed 'bye-bye' imitation, even after gestational age correction.
- Fine motor development delays are suspected contributors to the delayed imitation in VLBW infants.
- Further research is needed to determine the clinical significance of these findings.
Background:
The aim of this study was to clarify the development of imitation skills in very low-birthweight (VLBW) infants compared with full-term infants with regard to the onset of 'bye-bye'.
Methods:
A total of 597 full-term infants (age, 6-21 months) and 95 VLBW infants (corrected age, 6-21 months) participated in this study. The time at which the infants began to imitate bye-bye and how they moved their hands were investigated by direct observations of their behaviors.
Result:
Some full-term infants began to imitate bye-bye at 9 months, and all full-term infants could imitate bye-bye by 16 months old. The imitation of bye-bye was delayed in VLBW infants, but all of them could imitate it at 17 months old. Bye-bye motions were divided into five types. The 'moving wrist up and down' motion was observed most frequently at the initial bye-bye in both groups, but it was more frequent in VLBW infants at the early stage. The motion types changed with age, with the 'palm facing others' motion observed exclusively at 16 months in full-term infants. All infants of both groups could imitate this type at 17 months old.
Conclusion:
The development of the ability to imitate bye-bye was delayed in VLBW infants even after correction for gestational age. It was suspected that the fine motor development delay might contribute to the late appearance of bye-bye in VLBW infants. Further follow-up study is required to clarify the clinical significance.
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