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Updated: May 10, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

Current management options for recurrent adrenocortical carcinoma.

Anthony R Glover¹, Julian C Y Ip, Jing Ting Zhao

¹Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonards, Australia.

Oncotargets and Therapy

|June 19, 2013

Summary

Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) often recurs after surgery. Management of recurrent ACC requires specialist care, focusing on individual tumor biology, early detection, and multimodal treatments like surgery and mitotane.

Keywords:

chemotherapy mitotane recurrence surgery treatment

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Oncology
Surgical Oncology

Background:

Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with limited effective systemic therapies.
Complete surgical resection is the primary curative treatment, but high recurrence rates necessitate effective management strategies for persistent or recurring disease.

Purpose of the Study:

This review discusses the comprehensive management of recurrent adrenal cortical carcinoma in adult patients after initial complete surgical resection.
It aims to provide guidance on treatment decisions, emphasizing individualized approaches based on tumor biology and recurrence patterns.

Main Methods:

The review synthesizes current evidence and expert opinion on managing recurrent ACC, covering diagnosis, surveillance, and therapeutic options.
It addresses locoregional and systemic recurrence, adjuvant therapies, and the role of specialist centers.

Main Results:

Recurrence is common, highlighting the importance of adjuvant mitotane and close follow-up for early detection.
Locoregional recurrence may be amenable to repeat surgery, while systemic recurrence typically involves mitotane, chemotherapy, and supportive care for hormone hypersecretion.
Radiotherapy's role remains controversial, and surgical resection has a limited role in systemic disease.

Conclusions:

Management of recurrent ACC demands a multidisciplinary approach within specialist centers, tailored to individual tumor characteristics.
Early detection through vigilant follow-up and consideration of adjuvant therapy are crucial for improving outcomes.
Novel treatments and clinical trials are vital given the challenges and common treatment failure in recurrent ACC.