Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Movement Disorders and Cerebellar Syndromes Associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection: A Systematic Review.

Movement disorders clinical practice·2026
Same author

Movement Disorders in Scrub Typhus: A Systematic Review.

Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Spectrum of Movement Disorders in Hematological Malignancies: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Clinical Phenotypes, Mechanisms, and Outcomes.

Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Therapeutic Outcomes of Mucormycosis Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2025
Same author

Cardiovascular risk markers (computed tomography‑coronary artery calcium and carotid intima‑media thickness) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls.

Medicine international·2024
Same author

May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening campaign results from India.

European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
08:06

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

Levothyroxine replacement and Ramadan fasting.

Ritu Karoli1, Jalees Fatima, Ashok Chandra

  • 1Department of Medicine, Era's Lucknow Medical College, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|June 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with hypothyroidism can take levothyroxine at bedtime during Ramadan fasting. This study investigated the impact of bedtime levothyroxine dosing on thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in fasting patients.

Keywords:
Hypothyroidismlevothyroxine replacementramadan

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
08:06

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Primary hypothyroidism is a prevalent endocrine disorder.
  • Increased awareness of thyroid dysfunction is leading to more diagnoses.
  • Ramadan fasting presents challenges for administering levothyroxine on an empty stomach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of administering levothyroxine at bedtime on thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.
  • To provide guidance for hypothyroidism management during Ramadan.
  • To assess the feasibility of adjusting medication timing for fasting patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study was conducted during Ramadan.
  • Patients with hypothyroidism who chose to fast were enrolled.
  • TSH levels were monitored in patients taking levothyroxine at bedtime.

Main Results:

  • Bedtime administration of levothyroxine was explored as an alternative dosing strategy.
  • The study aimed to determine the impact on TSH levels in fasting individuals.
  • Data on TSH levels following bedtime dosing was collected.

Conclusions:

  • Bedtime levothyroxine may offer a practical solution for hypothyroidism management during Ramadan.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of this dosing strategy.
  • Optimizing medication timing can improve adherence and management for fasting patients.