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Chlorhexidine in endodontics.

Brenda P F A Gomes1, Morgana E Vianna, Alexandre A Zaia

  • 1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP - University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. bpgomes@fop.unicamp.br

Brazilian Dental Journal
|June 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a versatile chemical auxiliary substance (CAS) used in endodontics for root canal disinfection and as an intracanal medicament. Its broad antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility, and substantivity make it a valuable alternative to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).

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Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Dental Materials Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Chemical auxiliary substances (CAS) are crucial for root canal disinfection and cleanliness.
  • Various CAS exist, including sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine (CHX), EDTA, citric acid, MTAD, and phosphoric acid.
  • CHX offers broad antimicrobial activity, substantivity, lower cytotoxicity than NaOCl, and other beneficial properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the general use of chlorhexidine (CHX) in medicine and dentistry.
  • To comprehensively examine CHX's properties, mechanism of action, and applications in endodontic therapy.
  • To assess CHX's efficacy, interactions, and potential adverse effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CHX's applications in endodontics.
  • Analysis of CHX's chemical structure, presentation, and storage.
  • Evaluation of CHX's antimicrobial activity, including substantivity, biofilm effects, and interaction with irrigants.
  • Assessment of CHX's effects on dentin, collagen, and its use as an intracanal medicament and disinfectant.

Main Results:

  • CHX exhibits wide-ranging antimicrobial activity and substantivity, making it suitable for various endodontic scenarios.
  • It is biocompatible, making it a preferred alternative to NaOCl in specific cases like open apices or perforations.
  • CHX demonstrates efficacy as an intracanal medicament, disinfectant for obturation cones, and has other therapeutic uses.

Conclusions:

  • Chlorhexidine is a highly effective and versatile chemical auxiliary substance in endodontic treatment.
  • Its favorable properties, including biocompatibility and antimicrobial substantivity, support its use as an alternative to NaOCl.
  • Further review of CHX's applications and potential adverse effects is warranted for optimal clinical practice.