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Correlation Between LPS and LTA Levels With Clinical Features in Secondary Endodontic Infections.

Ederaldo P Godoi1, Pedro Ivo G Fagundes1, Priscila A Francisco1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacterial virulence factors, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), were found in all root canals needing retreatment. Coronal restoration impacts these levels, with higher LPS linked to bone resorption and symptoms.

Keywords:
LPSLTAendodonticsendotoxinlipoteichoic acid periapical diseaseperiapical diseaseretreatmentvirulence factors

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Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Microbiology
  • Periodontology

Background:

  • Secondary or persistent root canal infections often necessitate endodontic retreatment.
  • Virulence factors from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), play a role in infection pathogenesis.
  • Apical periodontitis, evident radiographically, is a common sequela of persistent root canal infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) levels in root canals requiring retreatment.
  • To investigate the correlation between these bacterial virulence factors and clinical symptoms and signs of apical periodontitis.
  • To explore the influence of coronal restoration on the microbial load within the root canal system.

Main Methods:

  • Sample collection from root canals of 40 patients undergoing endodontic retreatment for secondary or persistent infections.
  • Quantification of Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) using the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay.
  • Quantification of Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA) utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques.

Main Results:

  • LPS and LTA were detected in all analyzed root canal samples.
  • Mean LPS levels were 5.1 EU/mL (±2.83), and mean LTA levels were 537.53 pg/mL (±134.14).
  • Significant correlations were established between LPS and LTA levels and observed clinical features, including radiographic bone resorption and symptomatic presentation.

Conclusions:

  • Coronal restoration status is a direct determinant of LPS and LTA load in root canals with secondary infections.
  • Elevated endotoxin (LPS) concentrations are associated with increased periapical bone resorption.
  • Higher bacterial virulence factor loads correlate with the presence of clinical signs and symptoms in endodontic infections.