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Updated: May 10, 2026

Lateral Chronic Cranial Window Preparation Enables In Vivo Observation Following Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mice
Published on: December 29, 2016
Imaging after direct and indirect extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery
Daniel T Ginat1, Edward R Smith, Richard L Robertson
1Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ginatd01@gmail.com
Objective:
The purpose of this article is to describe the imaging features of different types of surgical cerebral revascularization techniques.
Conclusion:
Surgical cerebral revascularization involves direct and indirect techniques. Direct revascularization entails anastomosing a branch of the external carotid artery to a cerebral artery. Indirect revascularization involves delivering an extracranial vascular supply in proximity to the surface of the brain. The results of these techniques have distinctive imaging features.
