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Nervous Tissue: Myelin

Nervous Tissue: Myelin

The myelin sheath is a multilayered lipid and protein covering that insulates the axon of a neuron, enhancing the speed of nerve impulse conduction. Axons without this sheath are referred to as unmyelinated. Two types of neuroglia, Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for producing myelin sheaths.
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Preparation and Immunostaining of Myelinating Organotypic Cerebellar Slice Cultures

Preparation and Immunostaining of Myelinating Organotypic Cerebellar Slice Cultures

Published on: March 20, 2019

Can't wait to myelinate.

Thomas D Glenn¹, William S Talbot

¹Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. tglenn@stanford.edu

Developmental Cell

|June 29, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Oligodendrocytes, the cells that myelinate nerve cells in the brain, have a limited time to start this process. This discovery is key for understanding central nervous system plasticity.

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Preparation and Immunostaining of Myelinating Organotypic Cerebellar Slice Cultures

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Published on: July 22, 2022

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cell Biology
Developmental Biology

Background:

Oligodendrocytes are glial cells responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system (CNS).
Myelination is a critical process for proper nerve function and CNS integrity.
The temporal regulation of myelination by individual oligodendrocytes remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the temporal dynamics of myelination initiation by individual oligodendrocytes in vivo.
To determine if there is a specific time window during which oligodendrocytes can initiate myelination.

Main Methods:

Utilized in vivo imaging techniques to observe oligodendrocyte behavior and myelination in a developing CNS.
Employed genetic labeling and time-lapse microscopy to track individual cells and their myelination activity.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that individual oligodendrocytes possess a narrow temporal window for initiating myelination.
Showed that once this window closes, oligodendrocytes are unable to initiate new myelination events.

Conclusions:

The temporal control of myelination by individual cells is a crucial factor in CNS development.
Understanding this limited time window has significant implications for CNS plasticity and potential therapeutic strategies.