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Related Concept Videos

Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
Generalized Hooke's Law01:22

Generalized Hooke's Law

The generalized Hooke's Law is a broadened version of Hooke's Law, which extends to all types of stress and in every direction. Consider an isotropic material shaped into a cube subjected to multiaxial loading. In this scenario, normal stresses are exerted along the three coordinate axes. As a result of these stresses, the cubic shape deforms into a rectangular parallelepiped. Despite this deformation, the new shape maintains equal sides, and there is a normal strain in the direction of the...
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the stimulus...
Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive functions.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Tactile Semiautomatic Passive-Finger Angle Stimulator (TSPAS)
04:40

Tactile Semiautomatic Passive-Finger Angle Stimulator (TSPAS)

Published on: July 30, 2020

Multiple Factors Underlying Haptic Perception of Length and Orientation.

John F Soechting1, Martha Flanders

  • 1The authors are with the Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455.

IEEE Transactions on Haptics
|July 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Haptic perception of shape is inconsistent; internal angle judgments are biased by segment orientation and active forces. This study reveals how geometric, spatial, and self-produced factors influence the haptic synthesis of object shape.

Keywords:
Haptic distortionactive sensinginternal anglelengthorientation

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Tactile Semiautomatic Passive-Finger Angle Stimulator (TSPAS)
04:40

Tactile Semiautomatic Passive-Finger Angle Stimulator (TSPAS)

Published on: July 30, 2020

Assessment of Spatial Lingual Tactile Sensitivity using a Gratings Orientation Test
06:00

Assessment of Spatial Lingual Tactile Sensitivity using a Gratings Orientation Test

Published on: September 17, 2021

Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe)
07:54

Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe)

Published on: September 8, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Neuroscience
  • Haptic Perception

Background:

  • Synthesizing object shape from exploratory movements is crucial for perception.
  • Geometric perception of segment lengths and internal angles can be inconsistent.
  • Spatial orientation and active forces may influence haptic shape synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Further characterize the inconsistency between perceived segment lengths and internal angles.
  • Investigate the influence of spatial orientation on internal angle judgments.
  • Examine the effect of self-produced active forces on haptic shape perception.

Main Methods:

  • Robotically guided exploration of virtual polygons and triangles.
  • Subjects made judgments about internal angles and segment lengths.
  • Analysis of active forces applied by subjects perpendicular to motion.

Main Results:

  • Perception of segment lengths and internal angles showed geometric inconsistency.
  • Internal angle judgments were influenced by segment spatial orientation, particularly the last segment.
  • Active forces biased internal angle judgments: outward force for larger angles, inward force for smaller angles.

Conclusions:

  • Haptic synthesis of object shape is a complex process.
  • Geometric, spatial, and self-produced factors interact to influence shape perception.
  • Active forces play a significant role in modulating haptic shape perception.