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Renal cortical necrosis in tropics
Manisha Sahay1, , Meenakshi Swain
1Department of Nephrology, Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. drmanishasahay@gmail.com
Summary
Renal cortical necrosis (RCN) often stems from obstetric complications, frequently requiring dialysis and potentially leading to end-stage kidney disease. Early renal biopsy is crucial for diagnosing RCN, especially in anuric renal failure cases.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pathology
Background:
- Renal cortical necrosis (RCN) is a severe kidney injury.
- Identifying causes and outcomes of RCN is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review cases of renal cortical necrosis (RCN) diagnosed via renal biopsy.
- To analyze demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of RCN patients.
- To determine outcomes and identify common causes of RCN.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of renal biopsy records over seven years.
- Inclusion of patients with histologically proven RCN.
- Collection of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and follow-up data.
Main Results:
- 105 patients with RCN were identified, with a mean age of 28.13 years.
- Obstetric complications accounted for 39.04% of RCN cases.
- Patchy cortical necrosis was the most common histological type (62%).
- All patients required dialysis (mean 3 weeks); 31.42% progressed to end-stage kidney disease.
- 10 patients (9.5%) died from acute kidney injury.
Conclusions:
- RCN is a significant cause of chronic kidney disease.
- Obstetric complications are the primary driver of RCN in this population.
- Prompt renal biopsy aids in diagnosing RCN, particularly in anuric renal failure.
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