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Related Concept Videos

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...

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Updated: May 10, 2026

Phospholipid Mediator Induced Transformation in Three-Dimensional Cultures
08:02

Phospholipid Mediator Induced Transformation in Three-Dimensional Cultures

Published on: July 27, 2022

Three-dimensional culture may promote cell reprogramming.

Jin Han1, Lei Chen, Guanzheng Luo

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.

Organogenesis
|July 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Three-dimensional (3-D) cultures enhance stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency. This method shows potential for reprogramming mature cells into an immature state without genetic modification.

Keywords:
reprogrammingstem cell nichesstem cellsstemnessthree-dimensional culture

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Initial 3D Cell Cluster Control in a Hybrid Gel Cube Device for Repeatable Pattern Formations
05:22

Initial 3D Cell Cluster Control in a Hybrid Gel Cube Device for Repeatable Pattern Formations

Published on: March 21, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Stem Cell Research
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Stem cell niches regulate stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through complex interactions.
  • Three-dimensional (3-D) structures within niches are crucial but often overlooked in traditional 2-D cell culture.
  • In vitro cell biology research frequently neglects the importance of 3-D organization in stem cell maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of 3-D cell culture conditions on stem cell behavior.
  • To explore the potential of 3-D cultures in enhancing stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency.
  • To test the hypothesis that 3-D cultures can reprogram mature cells to a pluripotent state.

Main Methods:

  • Culturing neural stem cells (NSCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) under both 2-D and 3-D conditions.
  • Analyzing changes in cell morphology, self-renewal, and pluripotency.
  • Comparing transcriptional profiles between 2-D and 3-D cultured cells.
  • Evaluating the reprogramming potential of 3-D cultures on mature cells like fibroblasts.

Main Results:

  • 3-D culture conditions significantly enhanced the self-renewal and pluripotency of NSCs and BMSCs compared to 2-D cultures.
  • Transcriptional profiles of NSCs were altered by 3-D culture.
  • Preliminary data indicated upregulation of several embryonic stem (ES) cell marker genes in 3-D cultures.
  • 3-D cultures showed potential for reprogramming mature cells without genetic manipulation.

Conclusions:

  • Three-dimensional cell culture environments significantly improve stem cell properties.
  • 3-D cultures offer a promising avenue for cell reprogramming, potentially bypassing the need for genetic modification.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the reprogramming capabilities of 3-D culture systems.