Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 10, 2026

A Piglet Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
Published on: May 16, 2015
Predictors of outcome in hypoglycemic encephalopathy
Tetsuhiko Ikeda1, Tetsuya Takahashi, Aki Sato
1Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Japan.
Aims:
The aim of this study was to investigate factors predicting poor prognosis in patients with hypoglycemic encephalopathy.
Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed data on 165 consecutive patients with hypoglycemic encephalopathy. We evaluated their outcome 1 week after hypoglycemia onset using the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) and compared the clinical features of patients with good outcomes (GOS = 5) and poor outcomes (GOS ≤ 4).
Results:
The poor-outcome group included 38 patients (23%). The initial blood glucose level in the poor-outcome group was lower than that in the good-outcome group (p = 0.002). The duration of hypoglycemia in the poor-outcome group was longer than that in the good-outcome group (p < 0.001). Body temperature during hypoglycemia in the poor-outcome group was higher than that in the good-outcome group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, lactic acid level in the poor-outcome group was lower than in the good-outcome group (p = 0.032). There was no significant difference in the frequency of posttreatment hyperglycemia between the good-outcome and poor-outcome groups (p = 0.984).
Conclusion:
Profound and prolonged hypoglycemia, normal or higher body temperature, and a low lactic acid level during hypoglycemia may be predictors of a poor outcome in patients with hypoglycemic encephalopathy.
Related Concept Videos
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
Hyperglycemia
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ll: Pathophysiology
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State
