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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
10:02

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published on: March 12, 2020

Stimulus-preceding negativity in ADHD.

Rosa van Mourik1, Tieme Janssen, Jaap Oosterlaan

  • 1Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, r.van.mourik@vu.nl.

Journal of Neural Transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)
|July 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can mentally prepare for events in short intervals, similar to their peers. Response preparation, measured by stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN), showed no group differences.

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Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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Using Brain Activation (nir-HEG/Q-EEG) and Execution Measures (CPTs) in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
13:09

Using Brain Activation (nir-HEG/Q-EEG) and Execution Measures (CPTs) in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often exhibit impaired response preparation.
  • Stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN) is a neurophysiological marker linked to response preparation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate response preparation in children with ADHD during short cue-stimulus intervals.
  • To determine if ADHD affects the ability to prepare for upcoming events in time-constrained situations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electroencephalography (EEG) to measure stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN).
  • Compared SPN amplitudes between children with ADHD and typically developing children.
  • Analyzed the relationship between SPN and reaction time.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in SPN were observed between children with ADHD and control groups.
  • A robust positive correlation between SPN and mean reaction time was found in both groups.
  • This suggests intact response preparation mechanisms in ADHD during brief intervals.

Conclusions:

  • Children with ADHD demonstrate the capacity for mental preparation in short cue-stimulus intervals.
  • The findings challenge the notion of universally disrupted response preparation in ADHD.
  • Individual differences in reaction time may be more indicative of preparation capacity than group affiliation.