Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Menopause and musculoskeletal health in English primary care: study protocol.

BJGP open·2026

Same author

Monitoring of the Cascade of Care in Patients With Chronic HBV in Primary Care Clinics in Australia.

Journal of viral hepatitis·2026

Same author

APASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of chronic hepatitis B infection: a 2026 update.

Hepatology international·2026

Same author

Trajectories of brain structure and function in young adult carriers of genetic frontotemporal dementia variants.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026

Same author

Chemical adherence testing-guided intervention versus standard of care in patients with hypertension who are non-adherent to antihypertensive treatment in the UK (OUTREACH): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

The Lancet. Primary care·2026

Same author

Phase 3 Results of Bepirovirsen Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection.

The New England journal of medicine·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

Hepatitis C--an update.

Jacinta Holmes¹, Alexander Thompson, Sally Bell

¹Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. jacinta.holmes@svhm.org.au

Australian Family Physician

|July 5, 2013

Summary

Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a serious, often asymptomatic, liver infection that can lead to severe complications. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for viral eradication and preventing liver disease progression.

Area of Science:

Hepatology
Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Background:

Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection is a significant global health concern with potential for severe liver complications.
While often asymptomatic, CHC can progress to liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death, with projected increases in these outcomes.
Successful treatment leading to viral eradication is key to reducing long-term liver-related morbidity and mortality.

Observation:

The natural history of CHC involves a prolonged asymptomatic phase, leading to underdiagnosis.
Current treatment rates for CHC remain low, with only a small fraction of diagnosed cases receiving therapy.
General practitioners (GPs) are pivotal in identifying at-risk populations for screening and initiating the referral process for CHC management.

Findings:

More Related Videos

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

Published on: May 10, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

Published on: May 10, 2022

CHC is frequently underdiagnosed, contributing to significant patient morbidity and mortality.
Effective treatment options are evolving rapidly, with new direct-acting antiviral therapies offering improved outcomes.
All patients diagnosed with CHC should be evaluated for treatment, given the curable nature of the infection and the availability of new therapeutic strategies.

Implications:

Increased awareness and screening for CHC by general practitioners can improve early diagnosis rates.
Timely referral and treatment initiation are essential to prevent severe liver disease progression and improve patient outcomes.
The advent of highly effective, interferon-free oral therapies signifies a paradigm shift in CHC management, making universal treatment consideration imperative.