Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy remains to be an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, although the incidence has remained unchanged especially in developed countries over the last decade. Several factors are responsible for this, including misdiagnosis and failure to institute timely appropriate treatment aimed at preserving fertility and minimizing the associated morbidity. Recent advances in imaging and biomonitoring have reduced the number of women presenting with ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Any attempt to reduce the consequences of ectopic pregnancies must, therefore, focus on improving the diagnosis of the unruptured type and evidenced-based treatment, which is cost effective. In this review, the authors discuss the diagnosis and treatment of this complication in the light of the recent evidence highlighting how improvements can be made to reduce the consequences.