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Published on: July 2, 2013
Functional hemispheric lateralization for language in patients with schizophrenia
Mathieu Alary1, Nicolas Delcroix, Elise Leroux
1CNRS, UMR 6301, ISTS team. GIP CYCERON, F-14074 Caen, France.
Patients with schizophrenia show reduced leftward brain lateralization for language. Unlike healthy individuals, this functional difference in schizophrenia patients is not linked to grey matter volume asymmetry.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Neuroimaging
Background:
- Schizophrenia is associated with reduced hemispheric lateralization.
- Previous research has not examined the link between anatomical and functional asymmetry in language areas in schizophrenia.
- This study investigates the relationship between grey matter volume asymmetry and hemispheric lateralization for language in schizophrenia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if reduced leftward hemispheric lateralization in schizophrenia is associated with grey matter volume asymmetry.
- To analyze the global functional network for language using a functional index of laterality.
Main Methods:
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used with a speech listening paradigm in 27 patients with schizophrenia and 54 healthy controls.
- Functional Laterality Indices (FLI) were calculated.
- Grey matter volume asymmetry indices (GVAIs) were computed for the language network.
Main Results:
- Schizophrenia patients exhibited significantly decreased leftward hemispheric lateralization compared to controls.
- A positive correlation between GVAIs and FLIs was observed in healthy subjects.
- No correlation between GVAIs and FLIs was found in patients with schizophrenia.
Conclusions:
- This study reveals a significant relationship between anatomical and functional asymmetry in healthy individuals, which is absent in schizophrenia patients.
- While schizophrenia patients display reduced leftward functional lateralization for language, this abnormality is not associated with grey matter volume asymmetry.
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