Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
Marine Microbial Ecology01:30

Marine Microbial Ecology

Marine microbial ecosystems are shaped by distinct physicochemical limits, including high salinity, low nutrient availability, and fluctuating oxygen levels. These conditions favor smaller microbial cell sizes, which maximize their surface-to-volume ratio for efficient nutrient uptake.Microbial activity and community composition are closely linked to biogeochemical cycles, particularly in dynamic environments like estuaries, where halotolerant microbes thrive in response to variable salinity...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Estimation of the emissions by transport in two port cities of the northeastern Mediterranean, Greece.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)·2019
Same author

Chemical characterization, sources and potential health risk of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>1</sub> pollution across the Greater Athens Area.

Chemosphere·2019
Same author

Supporting the improvement of air quality management practices: The "FAIRMODE pilot" activity.

Journal of environmental management·2019
Same author

The traffic signature on the vertical PM profile: Environmental and health risks within an urban roadside environment.

The Science of the total environment·2018
Same author

Assessing personal exposure to PM using data from an integrated indoor-outdoor experiment in Athens-Greece.

The Science of the total environment·2018
Same author

Operational forecasting of human-biometeorological conditions.

International journal of biometeorology·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
05:18

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters

Published on: July 12, 2024

Particulate matter pollution over a Mediterranean urban area.

St Pateraki1, V D Assimakopoulos, Th Maggos

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Athens, University Campus, Building PHYS-5, 157 84 Athens, Greece; Environmental Research Laboratory/INT-RP, National Centre for Scientific Research "DEMOKRITOS", Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, P.O.B. 60228, 153 10 Athens, Greece.

The Science of the Total Environment
|July 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Local traffic and industry significantly impact particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PM1) levels in Athens. Atmospheric conditions and Saharan dust also contribute to high pollution, necessitating integrated monitoring and modeling for control strategies.

Keywords:
Atmospheric circulationCAMx photochemical modelMediterranean urban areaPM(1) samplingPM(10) samplingPM(2.5) sampling

More Related Videos

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System
08:48

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System

Published on: December 21, 2016

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
09:33

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

Published on: December 23, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
05:18

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters

Published on: July 12, 2024

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System
08:48

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System

Published on: December 21, 2016

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
09:33

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

Published on: December 23, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Air Quality Monitoring

Background:

  • Particulate matter (PM) pollution is a significant environmental and health concern in urban areas.
  • Understanding the spatial and temporal distribution of PM is crucial for developing effective air quality management strategies.
  • Mediterranean urban regions like the Greater Athens Area (GAA) face complex air pollution challenges influenced by local emissions and regional transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 in the Greater Athens Area.
  • To analyze the influence of atmospheric circulation, local transport, and compare PM behavior with inorganic pollutants (NOx, O3).
  • To evaluate the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions (CAMx) for air pollution modeling in the GAA.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a sampling campaign during cold and warm periods of 2008 to collect data on PM10, PM2.5, and PM1.
  • Analyzed the influence of synoptic circulation patterns and local transport mechanisms.
  • Applied and evaluated the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions (CAMx) against measurement data.

Main Results:

  • Local sources like traffic and industry were identified as dominant contributors to PM loads, especially in 'hot spot' areas.
  • Calm conditions and southerly flows exacerbated particulate pollution, affecting both urban and background stations. Saharan dust outbreaks increased particle size and exceedances of EU limit values.
  • PM1 consistently formed the largest fraction of PM2.5 mass. PM10 was primarily composed of coarse particles, particularly during Saharan dust events.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic and parallel monitoring and modeling of pollutant dispersion are essential for understanding and managing particulate pollution in the GAA.
  • The findings support the need for targeted pollution control strategies based on source identification and meteorological influences.
  • Numerical modeling, like CAMx, is a valuable tool for assessing air quality and informing policy decisions.