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Related Concept Videos

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy on Planar Supported Bilayers
20:00

Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy on Planar Supported Bilayers

Published on: October 31, 2015

Single-photon sampling architecture for solid-state imaging sensors.

Ewout van den Berg1, Emmanuel Candès, Garry Chinn

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an efficient pixel readout architecture for silicon photomultiplier sensors, significantly improving photon detection accuracy in low-light imaging applications like positron-emission tomography.

Keywords:
multiplexingsingle-photon detectionsuperimposed codes

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Optical Recording of Suprathreshold Neural Activity with Single-cell and Single-spike Resolution
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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy on Planar Supported Bilayers
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Optical Recording of Suprathreshold Neural Activity with Single-cell and Single-spike Resolution
08:48

Optical Recording of Suprathreshold Neural Activity with Single-cell and Single-spike Resolution

Published on: September 5, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Sensor Technology
  • Digital Signal Processing
  • Medical Imaging Physics

Background:

  • Solid-state technology enables silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) sensor arrays for individual photon detection.
  • High-frequency time-to-digital converters (TDCs) are crucial for precise spatiotemporal photon localization.
  • Current readout designs often compromise sensor potential due to on-chip circuitry constraints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a highly efficient pixel readout architecture for SiPM sensor arrays.
  • To optimize readout circuitry for low photon flux applications, enhancing spatiotemporal resolution.
  • To reduce the number of TDCs required for accurate photon event reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging group testing principles to design an efficient readout architecture.
  • Developing optimized design instances for various sensor parameters.
  • Implementing a fast decoding algorithm for unique recovery of simultaneous photon arrivals.

Main Results:

  • A proposed architecture digitizes a 60x60 photodiode sensor using only 142 TDCs.
  • The design uniquely recovers up to four simultaneous photon arrivals.
  • Demonstrated 99.98% recovery of spatiotemporal locations for simulated positron-emission tomography scintillation events.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed architecture significantly enhances readout efficiency for SiPM sensors in low photon flux scenarios.
  • It offers superior spatiotemporal resolution compared to traditional cross-strip designs.
  • This advancement holds promise for improving imaging accuracy in applications like positron-emission tomography.