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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Factors Affecting Illness01:18

Factors Affecting Illness

When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness, disability,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Mouse Model of Surgical Uterine Injury and Subsequent Pregnancy Outcomes
04:08

Mouse Model of Surgical Uterine Injury and Subsequent Pregnancy Outcomes

Published on: June 27, 2025

[Risk factors of birth obstetric trauma].

Alejandrina Murguía-González1, Ricardo Jorge Hernández-Herrera, Manuel Nava-Bermea

  • 1Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad 23, Hospital de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, NL.

Ginecologia Y Obstetricia De Mexico
|July 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Identifying risk factors for neonatal birth trauma is essential for proper prenatal care. Key factors include maternal age, first pregnancy, cephalopelvic disproportion, forceps delivery, macrosomia, and non-cephalic presentation.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Mouse Model of Surgical Uterine Injury and Subsequent Pregnancy Outcomes
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A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development
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Published on: June 24, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Perinatal Research

Context:

  • Prenatal care is vital for identifying potential risks to newborns.
  • Birth trauma can have significant short- and long-term consequences for infants.
  • Understanding risk factors aids in developing preventative strategies.

Purpose:

  • To identify and analyze risk factors associated with neonatal birth trauma.
  • To compare perinatal outcomes between infants with birth trauma and healthy newborns.

Summary:

  • A case-control study identified significant risk factors for birth trauma including maternal age (≤20 or ≥30 years), first pregnancy, cephalopelvic disproportion, forceps delivery, birth weight >3,800g, and non-cephalic presentation.
  • Common birth traumas observed were ecchymosis, caput succedaneum, erosion, clavicle fracture, and brachial plexus paralysis.

Impact:

  • Findings highlight key maternal, newborn, and delivery-related factors contributing to birth injuries.
  • This research can inform clinical practice and improve prenatal risk assessment for birth trauma.