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Related Concept Videos

Chromosome Replication02:31

Chromosome Replication

Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins.  This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin of...
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
06:40

G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome

Published on: March 22, 2018

DNA replication origins.

Alan C Leonard1, Marcel Méchali

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|July 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA replication initiation differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotic origins use specific DNA motifs, while eukaryotic origins rely on flexibility and chromatin environment for replication origin selection.

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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
06:40

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Published on: March 22, 2018

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
08:53

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Genomic DNA synthesis initiates at replication origins, requiring specific initiator proteins.
  • Prokaryotic chromosomes have few, defined replication origins.
  • Metazoan chromosomes have numerous, dispersed replication origins, posing questions about selection mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of replication origin selection in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
  • To understand the role of DNA sequences and chromatin in origin recognition.
  • To compare initiator protein interactions with DNA in different organisms.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of replication origin characteristics in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
  • Examination of DNA sequence motifs at replication origins.
  • Investigation of chromatin environment and epigenetic factors influencing origin selection.

Main Results:

  • Prokaryotic origins feature specific DNA sequence motifs that facilitate initiator protein binding and assembly.
  • Eukaryotic origin selection appears less dependent on specific sequences, emphasizing flexibility.
  • Flexibility in eukaryotic origins is modulated by structural elements and epigenetic mechanisms linked to gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • Replication origin selection strategies vary significantly between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
  • Eukaryotic replication origins utilize a more adaptable mechanism involving chromatin and epigenetics.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for comprehending genome replication and regulation.