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Biomarkers of heart failure with normal ejection fraction: a systematic review

Jin M Cheng1, K Martijn Akkerhuis, Linda C Battes

  • 1Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

European Journal of Heart Failure
|July 13, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Biomarkers for heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF) show promise for diagnosis and prognosis. Further research is needed to confirm their value in predicting HFNEF outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Research
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF) is a significant and increasing public health concern, accounting for half of all heart failure cases.
  • Limited data exist on biomarkers, beyond natriuretic peptides, for HFNEF diagnosis and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review epidemiological studies on biomarker associations with HFNEF occurrence.
  • To assess the prognostic value of biomarkers in HFNEF patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of epidemiological studies.
  • Analysis of associations between various biomarkers and HFNEF development and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Biomarkers of myocyte stress, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling were extensively studied in HFNEF.
  • Several biomarkers, including GDF-15, cystatin C, resistin, and galectin-3, were linked to HFNEF development and clinical outcomes (morbidity, mortality).
  • Some biomarkers showed different expression levels in HFNEF compared to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF).

Conclusions:

  • Biomarkers such as GDF-15, cystatin C, resistin, and galectin-3 show potential as diagnostic and prognostic tools for HFNEF.
  • Prospective studies are necessary to evaluate the incremental diagnostic and prognostic value of these biomarkers, individually or in combination, alongside existing clinical and imaging methods.
Abstract

Keywords:
BiomarkerHeart failure with normal ejection fractionPrognosis

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