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Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach
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Using count data and ordered models in national forest recreation demand analysis.

Paula Simões1, Eduardo Barata, Luis Cruz

  • 1School of technology and management, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro Apartado 4163, 2411-901, Leiria, Portugal, paula.simoes@ipleiria.pt.

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|July 13, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding national forest recreation demand is crucial. This study found that travel costs have a low impact on visitation, suggesting other factors influence forest use.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Economics
  • Forestry Management
  • Recreation Ecology

Background:

  • National forests are vital recreational resources.
  • Accurate demand assessment is needed for effective policy-making.
  • Existing models may not fully capture recreation demand complexities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze individual forest recreation demand.
  • To derive a monetary use value for national forests.
  • To compare count data and ordered models for recreation demand analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Econometric analysis using count data and ordered category models.
  • On-site survey data collection in Bussaco National Forest, Portugal.
  • Estimation of price and income elasticities of demand.

Main Results:

  • Travel cost and substitute prices significantly explain recreation demand.
  • Forest visits are a normal good, with low price and income elasticities.
  • Demographic variables showed no significant influence on demand.

Conclusions:

  • Travel cost alone has a limited impact on forest visitation levels.
  • Ordered models offer flexibility and wider data applicability compared to count data models.
  • Findings inform policy for sustainable national forest recreation management.