Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:29

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dietary sodium content, mortality, and risk for cardiovascular events in older adults: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study.

JAMA internal medicine·2015
Same author

Statins and brain integrity in older adults: secondary analysis of the Health ABC study.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2015
Same author

Resting heart rate and risk of incident heart failure: three prospective cohort studies and a systematic meta-analysis.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2015
Same author

The Pittsburgh Fatigability scale for older adults: development and validation.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·2015
Same author

Visual impairment and incident mobility limitations: the health, aging and body composition study.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·2014
Same author

Statin use and decline in gait speed in community-dwelling older adults.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·2014
Same journal

When an Exacerbation Signals a Different Future in non-severe asthma.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine·2026
Same journal

Aim High-Stay Stable: Rethinking Treatment Success in COPD.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine·2026
Same journal

Three versus six weeks of corticosteroids for mild immune-related pneumonitis: a randomized trial.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine·2026
Same journal

Signal in the Noise: Polygenic Scores and the Problem of Defining Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine·2026
Same journal

Do mtDNA fragmentomic peaks reflect cancer biology or preanalytical and technical artifacts in NSCLC?

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine·2026
Same journal

Short for Their Age: Interpreting Whole-Genome Telomere Length in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
12:21

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness

Published on: September 28, 2022

Bidirectional relationship between cognitive function and pneumonia.

Faraaz Ali Shah1, Francis Pike, Karina Alvarez

  • 1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA, USA.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|July 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pneumonia hospitalization is linked to cognitive decline and increased dementia risk in older adults. This bidirectional relationship highlights how infections can accelerate chronic health issues and functional loss.

More Related Videos

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction (PPI) Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
09:38

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction (PPI) Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: November 14, 2017

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment
08:43

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: August 7, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
12:21

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness

Published on: September 28, 2022

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction (PPI) Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
09:38

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction (PPI) Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: November 14, 2017

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment
08:43

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: August 7, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • The interplay between acute infections and chronic health conditions, particularly cognitive function, is not well understood.
  • Preclinical research suggests a connection between the nervous and immune systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the bidirectional relationship between cognitive function and pneumonia in a large population-based cohort.
  • To determine if cognitive changes predict pneumonia risk and if pneumonia hospitalization impacts subsequent cognitive decline and dementia risk.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal analysis of a 10-year population-based cohort.
  • Trajectory analysis and joint modeling to assess cognition-pneumonia risk.
  • Cox proportional hazards model with pneumonia as a time-varying covariate to evaluate dementia risk post-pneumonia.

Main Results:

  • A significant association was found between pneumonia hospitalization and accelerated cognitive decline, with 10.9% of participants hospitalized.
  • Even subtle preclinical cognitive changes increased pneumonia risk (β = -0.02, P < 0.001).
  • Pneumonia hospitalization elevated the risk of subsequent dementia (HR, 2.24; P = 0.01), independent of other factors.

Conclusions:

  • A bidirectional relationship exists between pneumonia and cognitive function.
  • Pneumonia may accelerate cognitive decline and loss of functional independence in older adults, even after a single infection.
  • Findings suggest infections play a role in the progression of chronic health conditions.