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Related Concept Videos

Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

Arteries of the Upper Limbs

The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
The Arch of Aorta01:10

The Arch of Aorta

The coronary arteries, originating from the ascending aorta, bifurcate from two sinuses located within the ascending aorta. Positioned just above the aortic semilunar valve, these sinuses house essential aortic baroreceptors and chemoreceptors, crucial for maintaining cardiac function. The left coronary artery and the right coronary artery branch off from the left posterior and anterior aortic sinuses, respectively.
Encircling the heart, the coronary arteries form a ring-like structure before...
Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla

Procedural Guide for Assessing Axillary Body Temperature using a Digital Thermometer:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...
Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Vascularized Composite Upper Limb Allograft Harvesting for Proximal Arm Allotransplantation
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Axillary artery transection after shoulder dislocation.

Kazim Ergüneş1, Serkan Yazman, Ufuk Yetkin

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. kazimergunes@yahoo.com

Annals of Vascular Surgery
|July 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This case report details a rare axillary artery transection following shoulder dislocation. Prompt diagnosis and surgical repair with a saphenous vein graft ensured limb viability and improved function.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Axillary artery transection is a rare but severe complication of shoulder dislocation.
  • Prompt diagnosis and intervention are critical to prevent limb loss and mortality.

Observation:

  • A 74-year-old male presented with complete axillary artery transection after shoulder dislocation without fracture.
  • Angiography confirmed the transection, and a hematoma caused brachial plexus compression.

Findings:

  • An occlusion balloon was used for proximal control of bleeding from the subclavian artery.
  • Surgical repair involved an autologous reversed saphenous vein graft interposition for the axillary artery.
  • Postoperative angiography demonstrated palpable distal pulses.

Implications:

  • Successful management hinges on early diagnosis, proximal control, and surgical repair of axillary artery injuries.
  • Neurologic injury associated with hematoma can impact long-term functional outcomes despite vascular repair.