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Poliosis circumscripta: overview and underlying causes.

Rima Sleiman¹, Mazen Kurban, Farah Succaria

¹Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

|July 16, 2013

Summary

Poliosis circumscripta, a patch of white hair, can occur due to genetic syndromes or acquired conditions. This review helps clinicians evaluate patients presenting with this hair pigmentation change.

Keywords:

AA TSC VKH Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada alopecia areata poliosis poliosis circumscripta tuberous sclerosis white forelock

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Genetics
Pathology

Background:

Poliosis circumscripta is a localized patch of white hair affecting any body area.
Microscopically, it involves decreased or absent melanin/melanocytes in hair bulbs.
It is associated with genetic syndromes like piebaldism and Waardenburg syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

To review conditions associated with poliosis circumscripta.
To aid clinicians in evaluating patients with white forelock or other localized hair depigmentation.

Main Methods:

Literature review of genetic syndromes and acquired conditions linked to poliosis.
Analysis of microscopic findings in poliosis circumscripta.
Clinical case review of patients presenting with poliosis.

Main Results:

Poliosis can be congenital (genetic syndromes) or acquired.
Acquired causes include inflammatory, neoplastic (melanocytic), and medication-related factors.
Differential diagnosis is crucial for appropriate patient management.

Conclusions:

Poliosis circumscripta has diverse etiologies, both genetic and acquired.
Understanding these associations is key for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
This review provides a comprehensive guide for clinicians encountering poliosis.