Effects of isoflurane in an intoxication model: experimental study

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Pathology
• Toxicology
• Anesthesiology

Background:

• Isoflurane is a widely used volatile anesthetic since 1980.
• Major isoflurane metabolites include fluoride ion and trifluoroacetate, excreted in urine.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the histopathological effects of ingested isoflurane on liver, kidney, and lung tissues in a rabbit model.
• To assess dose-dependent injury following oral administration of isoflurane.

Main Methods:

• Twenty-one rabbits were divided into three groups: isoflurane (5 ml/kg and 10 ml/kg) and control (saline).
• Tissue samples from liver, kidney, and lungs were collected and processed for histopathological examination.
• Light microscopy was used to evaluate and score tissue damage.

Main Results:

• Significant increases in liver injury scores and portal lymphocyte infiltration were observed in both isoflurane groups compared to controls.
• Lung injury scores also showed significant increases in rabbits treated with isoflurane.
• No significant kidney findings were detailed in the provided abstract.

Conclusions:

• Ingested isoflurane can induce mild hepatic and pulmonary injuries in rabbits.
• The findings highlight potential toxic effects of non-inhalation routes of isoflurane exposure.