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Related Concept Videos

Patch Clamp01:18

Patch Clamp

Many fundamental cell functions such as muscle contraction and nerve transmission rely on the electrical signals produced by the movement of positively and negatively charged ions across the cell membrane. One competent method to record current flowing across the whole cell or single ion channel is the patch-clamp technique.
In this method, a glass micropipette containing electrolyte solution is tightly sealed against a small portion of the cell membrane. As a result, a patch of the cell...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Fine-tuning the Size and Minimizing the Noise of Solid-state Nanopores
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Published on: October 31, 2013

A patch-clamp ASIC for nanopore-based DNA analysis.

Jungsuk Kim1, Raj Maitra, Kenneth D Pedrotti

  • 1Department of Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. jungsuk@soe.ucsc.edu

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
|July 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel integrated patch-clamp system enhances single-molecule DNA analysis using nanopore sensors. This system achieves high sensitivity by amplifying ionic current variations and compensating for parasitic capacitances, improving DNA detection capabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Accurate detection of single DNA molecules is crucial for genetic analysis and diagnostics.
  • Existing nanopore sensing systems face challenges with signal amplification and hardware saturation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a fully integrated, high-sensitivity patch-clamp system for single-molecule DNA analysis.
  • To improve ionic current signal detection and minimize hardware limitations in nanopore sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a two-block system: amplification (headstage, difference amplifier, track-and-hold) and compensation.
  • Utilized novel techniques like instrumentation amplifier topology and compensation switch.
  • Fabricated the system using a 0.35 μm 4M2P CMOS process with an α-hemolysin protein nanopore.

Main Results:

  • Successfully amplified minute ionic current variations from single-stranded DNA molecules.
  • Minimized effects of input-offset voltage and parasitic capacitances.
  • Demonstrated detection of individual single-stranded DNA molecules passing through a 1.5 nm nanopore.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed integrated patch-clamp system offers high sensitivity for single-molecule DNA analysis.
  • The design achieves hardware simplicity and overcomes key limitations in nanopore sensing.
  • Future work will focus on solid-state nanopores for advanced scientific and diagnostic applications.