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Vitamin D and immune function.

Barbara Prietl1, Gerlies Treiber, Thomas R Pieber

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A 8036 Graz, Austria. barbara.prietl@medunigraz.at

Nutrients
|July 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin D influences immune cells and promotes immune tolerance. Supplementation studies show vitamin D benefits immune function, particularly in autoimmune conditions like type 1 diabetes mellitus.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • Vitamin D metabolizing enzymes and receptors are found in immune cells like antigen-presenting cells, T cells, B cells, and monocytes.
  • In vitro studies indicate vitamin D modulates innate immunity and promotes immune tolerance.
  • In vivo and human supplementation studies suggest vitamin D positively impacts immune function, especially in autoimmunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of vitamin D on the immune system.
  • To explore vitamin D's role in regulating inflammatory responses.
  • To summarize regulatory mechanisms linking vitamin D to autoimmune diseases, focusing on type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies.
  • Analysis of human vitamin D supplementation data.
  • Synthesis of current research on vitamin D and immune regulation.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin D affects various immune cell types, including antigen-presenting cells, T cells, B cells, and monocytes.
  • Vitamin D promotes a tolerogenic immune status and modulates innate immune cells.
  • Evidence suggests beneficial effects of vitamin D on immune function in autoimmune contexts, including type 1 diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D plays a significant role in modulating immune responses and inflammatory processes.
  • Vitamin D supplementation may offer therapeutic benefits for autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes.
  • Further research into vitamin D's immunomodulatory mechanisms is warranted.