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Responses to Drought and Flooding

Responses to Drought and Flooding

Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.

Responses to Salt Stress

Responses to Salt Stress

Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.

Transcription

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata

During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

High Throughput Image-Based Phenotyping for Determining Morphological and Physiological Responses to Single and Combined Stresses in Potato

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Published on: June 7, 2024

Populus euphratica: the transcriptomic response to drought stress.

Sha Tang¹, Haiying Liang, Donghui Yan

¹College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.

Plant Molecular Biology

|July 17, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Populus euphratica maintains growth under drought by inhibiting stomatal closure and remodeling stress-response genes. This study provides insights into drought adaptation mechanisms for woody plants.

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Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Molecular Biology
Genomics

Background:

Populus euphratica thrives in arid regions, yet its transcriptomic response to water deficit is poorly understood.
Understanding drought tolerance mechanisms is crucial for arid land agriculture and forestry.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the physiological and transcriptomic responses of Populus euphratica to soil water deficit.
To identify key genes and pathways involved in drought adaptation in this woody plant.

Main Methods:

Physiological measurements and pyrosequencing were employed to analyze gene expression in drought-stressed and control P. euphratica leaves.
Transcriptome assembly and analysis were performed to identify differentially expressed genes and simple sequence repeats.

Main Results:

Over 24,000 transcripts were identified, with 2,279 simple sequence repeats noted.
Moderate drought inhibited stomatal closure, maintaining CO2 assimilation and water transport.
Significant transcriptional remodeling occurred in stress-perception, signaling, photoprotection, and oxidative stress detoxification pathways.

Conclusions:

Populus euphratica employs a strategy of inhibited stomatal closure and extensive gene expression changes to cope with drought stress.
Specific genes in stomatal closure inhibition, ascorbate-glutathione pathway, and ubiquitin-proteasome system are highlighted for their role in drought response.
This research offers a comprehensive view of drought response mechanisms in P. euphratica, valuable for genetic engineering of drought-tolerant woody plants.