Late diagnosis of double aortic arch: consequences on long-term follow-up

Double aortic arch is the most common congenital anomaly of the aortic arch system, in which the trachea and esophagus are completely encircled by vascular segments of the aortic arch and its branches, often resulting in variable airway compression. One case of late diagnosis of this congenital malformation and long-term consequences of late surgical treatment with persistent tracheo-broncomalacia and dynamic airway obstruction is reported. This report emphasizes the importance of an early diagnosis to minimise the progressive airways damage and subsequent respiratory symptoms, that need an accurate medical follow-up.